Albert Einstein
- Born:
- March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German (until 1896), Swiss (1901–1955), American (1940–1955)
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist
Early Life and Education
- Attended Luitpold Gymnasium in Munich.
- Renounced German citizenship in 1896.
- Graduated from the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich in 1900.
- Worked as a patent clerk in Bern, Switzerland, from 1902 to 1909.
Career and Major Achievements
- Published four groundbreaking papers in 1905 (his "Annus Mirabilis" papers):
- On the photoelectric effect.
- On Brownian motion.
- On special relativity.
- On mass-energy equivalence (E=mc²).
- Professor at the University of Zurich (1909), Charles University in Prague (1911), and ETH Zurich (1912).
- Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in Berlin (1914).
- Published the theory of general relativity in 1915.
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- Immigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
Notable Works
- "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (1905) - introduced special relativity.
- "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" (1905) - introduced mass-energy equivalence.
- "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity" (1916).
- "Relativity: The Special and the General Theory" (1916) - a popular exposition of relativity.
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe. His theories of relativity are cornerstones of modern physics, and his work continues to inspire scientists and thinkers worldwide. The enduring fascination with his life and work demonstrates his monumental impact on science and culture. This concise overview serves as an introduction to the vast field of scholarship that constitutes the 'lelei lelaulu biography of albert einstein' and related research.