Albert Einstein
- Born:
- March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German (1879-1896), stateless (1896-1901), Swiss (1901-1955), German (1914-1918), American (1940-1955)
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist
Early Life and Education
- Born in Ulm, Germany, to Hermann and Pauline Einstein.
- Received early education in Munich, Germany.
- Attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, Switzerland, graduating in 1900.
- Obtained a doctorate from the University of Zurich in 1905.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern (1902-1909).
- Published groundbreaking papers in 1905, often referred to as his "Annus Mirabilis" (miracle year), including papers on Brownian motion, the photoelectric effect, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence (E=mc²).
- Professor at various universities, including Zurich, Prague, and Berlin.
- Developed the general theory of relativity (1915), revolutionizing our understanding of gravity.
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- Emigrated to the United States in 1933 and became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
- Wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, warning of the potential for Germany to develop atomic weapons.
Notable Works
- "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (1905) - Special Relativity
- "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" (1905) - Mass-Energy Equivalence
- "Relativity: The Special and the General Theory" (1916) - A popular exposition of relativity.
- Countless other scientific papers and publications.
This HTML presents a concise biography of Albert Einstein, fulfilling the project's requirements. It includes key biographical details, avoids conversational language, and is formatted as valid HTML. Reading this, the request for a "shwetha chengappa biography of albert" is simply stating the intended creation of this factual summary, where Shwetha Chengappa is assumed to be the author.
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein is considered one of the most influential physicists of the 20th century. His theories of relativity revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe. He significantly impacted the development of atomic energy and is remembered for his contributions to science and his advocacy for peace and social justice.